Percent means “out of 100.”
10% means 10 out of every 100. It is also the fraction 10/100, which simplifies to 1/10.
PRIMARY 6 · PERCENTAGES AND MONEY
The Market Discount Mission
Turn a percentage into an amount, then decide what the customer actually pays.
THE SITUATION
A sign says “10% off”—but off how much?
A school bag costs UGX 40,000. During the back-to-school market, the seller offers a 10% discount. Amina needs to know whether her UGX 37,000 is enough.
WHAT ARE WE TRYING TO SOLVE?Find the discount first, then subtract it from the original price.
Divide the price by 10.
Because 10% is one tenth, find 40,000 ÷ 10. The result is the amount removed—not the new price.
10% of UGX 40,000
Discount: 40,000 ÷ 10 = 4,000
New price: 40,000 − 4,000 = 36,000
Money available: 37,000
Yes—Amina can pay and keep UGX 1,000.
15-QUESTION PRACTICE
Read the market signs carefully.
Begin with five warm-ups, apply percentages in five situations, then finish with five reasoning challenges. Remember: the percentage amount and final price are different answers.
1. What is a 10% discount on a UGX 25,000 pair of shoes?
2. After that discount, what does the customer pay?
3. A sweater costs UGX 60,000 with 10% off. What is the sale price?
4. What is a 20% discount on an item costing UGX 50,000?
5. What does the customer pay after that 20% discount?
GUIDED APPLICATION · 6–10
Find the percentage amount, then decide whether to add or subtract it.
6. A bicycle has a 25% discount on UGX 80,000. How much is the discount?
7. What is the bicycle's price after the 25% discount?
8. What is 5% of UGX 40,000?
9. A book priced at UGX 30,000 increases by 10%. What is its new price?
10. A family saves 15% of UGX 120,000. How much do they save?
REASONING CHALLENGE · 11–15
Calculate, label the answer and check whether it is sensible.